Because they contain living bacteria or viruses, live-attenuated vaccines can provide enduring protection with only two doses. The number of doses needed to achieve immunity depends on whether the antigen in a vaccine is alive or not. Bacterial toxin treated to make it non-toxic.Ī single dose of vaccine provides only partial protection.Bits of their exterior surface or genetic material, or.In a vaccine, the antigen could be either The active ingredient in all vaccines is an antigen, the name for any substance that causes the immune system to begin producing antibodies. Vaccines work by imitating an infection-the presence of a disease-causing organism in the body-to engage the body’s natural defenses. By then, it’s too late to get vaccinated. But for some, the sign appears years later as an aggressive, life-threatening cancer. For example, most people infected with the human papillomavirus (HPV) never show any sign of infection. Even mild or symptom-less infections can be deadly. Infections are unpredictable and can have long-term consequences. The immune response to a vaccine might cause tiredness and discomfort for a day or two, but the resulting protection can last a lifetime. Vaccines help the body learn how to defend itself from disease without the dangers of a full-blown infection. Getting Vaccinated Is Safer Than Getting Sick Vaccines Strengthen the Body’s Natural Defenses.Everyone Should Get Recommended Vaccines on Schedule.Many Vaccines Require More Than One Dose.Vaccines Work by Imitating an Infection. ![]() Getting Vaccinated Is Safer Than Getting Sick.
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